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Effects of mustard sprouts and allylisothiocyanate on
benzo(a)pyrene-induced DNA damage in human-derived cells: A model study with the
single cell gel electrophoresis/Hep G2 assay.
Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 2003;23 Suppl 1:273-82
Uhl M, Laky B, Lhoste E, Kassie F, Kundi M, Knasmuller S.
Insitute of Cancer Research, University of Vienna, Austria.
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemoprotective effects of mustard
sprouts on benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-induced DNA damage in the single cell gel
electrophoresis (SCGE)/Hep G2 assay. This model combines the advantages of the
SCGE assay with that of human-derived cells that possess inducible phase I and
phase II enzymes. Treatment of the cells with small amounts of mustard juice
(0.1-1.25 micro l/ml) and B(a)P reduced the genotoxic effect of the carcinogen
in a dose-dependent manner. Contrary to the results with the juice, unexpected
synergistic effects were observed with allyl isothiocyanate (AITC, 0.3 micro M),
a breakdown product of sinigrin, which is contained in black mustard and many
other cruciferous vegetables. Although these concentrations of AITC did not
cause DNA damage per se, pronounced dose-dependent DNA damage was seen with
higher concentrations of AITC (>/= 25 micro M). In parallel with the comet
assays, also enzyme measurements were carried out which showed that exposure of
the cells to mustard juice (2.0 micro l/ml) causes a moderate induction of
ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, and more pronounced (approximately 2-fold)
increase of the activity of glutathione-S-transferase. In conclusion, our
findings indicate that i) mustard juice is highly protective against B(a)P-induced
DNA damage in human derived cells and ii) that induction of detoxifying enzymes
may account for its chemoprotective properties. iii) Furthermore, our findings
show that the effects of crude juice can not be explained by its allyl
isothiocyanate contents. Teratogenesis Carcinog. Mutagen. Suppl. 1:273-282,
2003. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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